Boiro hosts a huge and interesting archaeological legacy, both prehistoric and historical. The oldest human presence attested in the municipal term are the majestic burial constructions belonging to the first producing communities, to the first cattlemen and peasants, who are usually known by the name of tombs or mámoas, being this last denomination more specific of these zone , And that alludes to the shape of breast presented by many of these constructions in the field. The oldest may be more than 6000 years old. Boiro hosts one of the most representative tomb necropolis formed by more than thirty of them, among which the great burial chambers of Casota do Páramo, Arca da Barbanza or Casarota do Fusiño stand out.
With the discovery of the first metals, more than 4000 years ago, the prehistoric communities of the moment began to leave on some rocks what today we consider the most genuine and identity artistic manifestation of Galician prehistory: Galician rock art (sometimes referred to as petroglyphs, although this is a broader and more generic term). This artistic manifestation is developed by means of the engraving technique realized on some rocks in the open air of several representations, both realistic and abstract; For example the figures of cervids between the first, or of circular combinations between the second. Some examples are the engravings of Pedra da Craba in Quinteiro (parish of San Vicente de Cespón), or the lovely circular combinations of Loxo (parish of San Andrés de Cures). There are other engravings such as the petroglyphs of San Ramón de Bealo (Laxe da Serpe or Laxe do Agoiro) of great interest but most of all of historical origin.
As we move towards the present, around a little more than 2500 years ago, the population that inhabited this territory ceased to be itinerant, and settled permanently in the same territory, and as a consequence arosed the first permanent villages, what we commonly know as Castros; Of which we keep more than a dozen in Boiro, some of extraordinary interest such as the neixón castros that were declared of cultural interest in 2011, or the recently discovered Coto do Espiño in the place of Moimenta and that is under investigation.